Convergencia de intereses de calidad y medio ambiente en los espacios productivos de las empresas químicas

Pablo José Morcillo Valencia, Andrea Gabriela Cortés Gutiérrez, Jairo Vladimir Obando Perea, Martha Elizabeth Nevárez Rivadeneira

Resumen


La calidad en la industria química se define como la capacidad de los productos y procesos para cumplir consistentemente con las especificaciones establecidas y satisfacer las expectativas del cliente. Normativas como ISO 9001 y las Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura (GMP) son esenciales para garantizar la seguridad y eficacia de los productos, además de reforzar la confianza del consumidor. La gestión de calidad incluye herramientas como el Análisis de Modo y Efecto de Falla (FMEA) y el Control Estadístico de Procesos (SPC). La sostenibilidad en la industria química se refiere a minimizar los impactos negativos sobre el medio ambiente mientras se mantienen niveles de producción eficientes y rentables. Normativas como ISO 14001 ayudan a las empresas a desarrollar un enfoque sistemático para la gestión ambiental. La sostenibilidad incluye la responsabilidad social corporativa, que abarca iniciativas de mejora en seguridad y salud laboral, programas de reciclaje y reducción de residuos. La Gestión de Calidad Total (TQM) busca mejorar continuamente la calidad de los productos y servicios a través de la participación de todos los empleados y la satisfacción del cliente. En la industria química, TQM se implementa mediante herramientas de calidad y capacitación continua. La integración de los sistemas de gestión de calidad y medio ambiente mediante normas como ISO 9001 e ISO 14001 mejora la eficiencia operativa y facilita el cumplimiento regulatorio.

Las certificaciones ISO 9001 e ISO 14001 son fundamentales para integrar prácticas de calidad y medio ambiente, mejorando las operaciones internas y fortaleciendo la reputación en el mercado. La Evaluación del Ciclo de Vida (LCA) permite a las empresas identificar áreas de mejora en términos de sostenibilidad y calidad. La innovación en procesos y productos, como el uso de materias primas renovables y tecnologías de producción más limpias, es crucial para esta integración. La gestión eficaz de recursos y residuos, mediante estrategias como la economía circular y la minimización de residuos, también es esencial para la sostenibilidad. La convergencia de intereses de calidad y medio ambiente ofrece beneficios como la eficiencia operativa, la reducción de costos y la mejora de la imagen corporativa, aunque también presenta desafíos como el cumplimiento regulatorio y las barreras tecnológicas.


Palabras clave


SPC; TQM; LCA.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v9i6.7441

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