Efectos del COVID-19 en el sistema cardiovascular. Revisión bibliográfica

Víctor Euclides Briones Morales, Valery Daniela Loayza Lima, Martha Lucia Rojas Valdiviezo, Gennesis Deyaneira Sanmartin Pineda, Jason Steven Zhuzhingo Cajamarca

Resumen


El presente artículo examina los efectos de la infección por COVID-19 en la salud cardíaca mediante la revisión de investigaciones relevantes. Se recopiló datos de las bases de datos PUBMED y SCOPUS, centrándose en estudios publicados entre 2019 y 2024 que exploraron la relación entre el COVID-19 y la salud cardiovascular. Los principales resultados de la investigación realizada muestran importantes efectos dañinos del COVID-19 en el sistema cardiovascular, incluyendo la activación del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, hiperactividad del sistema inmunológico, disminución de los niveles de oxígeno en sangre. estrés oxidativo, niveles elevados de catecolaminas, disfunción endotelial y trombosis. Además, las personas con COVID-19 mostraron una alta frecuencia y gravedad de problemas cardiovasculares, como insuficiencia cardíaca, arritmias y efectos secundarios del tratamiento. Además, se encontró que factores de riesgo como diabetes, insuficiencia cardíaca de larga duración y cáncer aumentan las posibilidades de sufrir complicaciones cardiovasculares durante una infección grave. Si bien se ha aprendido mucho sobre estos efectos, es crucial continuar investigando para mejorar el conocimiento sobre la relación entre la infección por COVID 19 y el sistema cardiovascular, para mejorar el cuidado de estos pacientes.


Palabras clave


COVID 19; Coronavirus; Sistema cardiovascular.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v9i5.7252

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