La inteligencia cultural: un elemento decisivo en el mundo económico global

Lilian Roció Ruiz Sepa, Maritza Elizabeth García Lino, Jair Oswaldo Bedoya Benavides, Carol Dayana Góngora Saavedra

Resumen


La inteligencia cultural (CQ) es la capacidad para comprender y operar eficazmente en contextos culturales diversos. Ha evolucionado desde un enfoque en habilidades lingüísticas hacia una perspectiva holística que incluye aspectos cognitivos, emocionales y comportamentales. Compuesta por tres dimensiones clave: cognitiva, afectiva y conativa, la CQ permite interpretar información cultural, gestionar emociones y adaptar comportamientos a diferentes contextos culturales. Modelos teóricos como el de Earley y Ang (2003) y herramientas como el Inventario de Inteligencia Cultural (CQS) son esenciales para evaluar y desarrollar estas competencias. En el ámbito empresarial, la CQ es crucial para el desempeño y éxito en un mundo globalizado. Empresas con alta CQ son más innovadoras y competitivas, establecen mejores relaciones con clientes y socios internacionales y gestionan eficazmente la diversidad cultural. La CQ también mejora la toma de decisiones estratégicas y facilita la adaptación de productos y servicios a diferentes mercados culturales, lo que es vital para la penetración y éxito en mercados internacionales.

Sin embargo, desarrollar la CQ enfrenta desafíos tanto individuales como organizacionales. A nivel individual, la falta de conciencia cultural, la resistencia al cambio y el miedo al fracaso pueden obstaculizar este proceso. Organizacionalmente, la ausencia de políticas de diversidad y una cultura resistente al cambio son barreras significativas. Superarlas requiere promover una cultura inclusiva y valorar la diversidad cultural, lo que permitirá a las empresas aprovechar estas diferencias como una ventaja competitiva en el mercado global.


Palabras clave


inteligencia cultural; diversidad cultural; cultura inclusiva.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v9i3.7242

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