Actualización en el desarrollo de la vacuna contra el dengue

Sharon Salomé Yari Guamán, Claudia Gabriela Clavijo Rosales

Resumen


Antecedentes: El Dengue es una de las enfermedades virales causada por el flavivirus, que se propaga rápidamente alrededor de las 125 zonas tropicales y subtropicales existentes en el mundo. Se estima que, aproximadamente, 390 millones de infecciones suceden por año y sin embargo, la inmunización no brinda la adecuada protección contra este patógeno, por lo que, el desarrollo de nuevas vacunas implicaría una mejora en el sistema de salud y sociedad. Actualmente, distintos ensayos clínicos están en progreso para el lanzamiento de una nueva vacuna efectiva y segura para contrarrestar los efectos que puede ocasionar el virus del Dengue. Objetivo: Describir la actualización del desarrollo de la vacuna contra el Dengue. Metodología: Se realizará un estudio no experimental de tipo descriptivo/narrativo, de revisión bibliográfica en base de artículos indexados en diversas fuentes científicas, específicamente en la base de datos PubMed, limitado a los idiomas inglés y español a partir del año 2018 a 2022. Se analizará revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis, ensayos clínicos y estudios comparativos. Resultados: En las nuevas investigaciones de ensayos clínicos y preclínicos prevalece el estudio de vacunas vivas atenuadas, de subunidades recombinante, tetravalente de ADN e inactiva purificada para desarrollar una nueva vacuna eficaz contra el Dengue. Conclusiones: la vacuna TV003 o DENVax, es la única que se encuentra en ensayos clínicos de fase III y la más prometedora mostrando una excelente inmunidad y protección.


Palabras clave


Dengue; Dengue Grave; Desarrollo de Vacunas; Infecciones por Flavivirus; Vacunas contra el Dengue; Virus del Dengue.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v8i1.5082

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