Rehidratación en niños con gastroenteritis aguda, ¿oral o intravenosa?

Julián Vicente Cuesta Sarmiento, Josías Salvador Armijos Guevara, Oriana Marcela Gallego Ramírez, Rodolfo José De Jesús Castilla Romero

Resumen


La gastroenteritis aguda es una enfermedad que generalmente se presenta acompañada con condiciones clínicas como vómitos, náuseas, diarreas; todas estas situaciones conducen a la pérdida de líquidos del cuerpo humano. Durante muchos años ha existido la controversia acerca de cómo debería tratarse la deshidratación causada por la gastroenteritis aguda en pacientes pediátricos. Se llevó a cabo una extensa revisión bibliográfica en las siguientes bases de datos: ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane, Wiley Online Library, y Frontiers. El estudio de la literatura seleccionada reflejó que ambos métodos son ampliamente aceptados y que ambos tienen una buena relación entre el costo y beneficio de los tratamientos. Sin embargo, se concluye que, tanto como pacientes y profesionales de la salud prefieren la terapia de rehidratación oral.


Palabras clave


Gastroenteritis aguda; rehidratación oral; rehidratación intravenosa; diarrea; vómitos.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v7i11.5016

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