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Compuestos obtenidos a partir de esponjas de mar con potencial aplicación en el tratamiento del Alzheimer
Resumen
La diversidad biológica marina ha demostrado ser un recurso importante en la investigación biotecnológica, sobre todo el de las esponjas marinas, pues variadas estructuras químicas de sus metabolitos han presentado propiedades prometedoras en el desarrollo de nuevas drogas para el tratamiento de enfermedades. Estos componentes tienen el potencial para tratar enfermedades neurodegenerativas como el Alzheimer, uno de los padecimientos más comunes en pacientes de edad avanzada. Este trabajo recolectó investigaciones de la última década, donde se reportan ensayos in vitro e in vivo, de productos derivados de esponjas marinas, que hayan sido evaluados como una potencial droga para tratar el Alzheimer; se buscó determinar los factores causales, sobre los cuales se enfocaron las investigaciones con estos compuestos, además describir mecanismos de acción de estos productos marinos. Los resultados permitieron evidenciar que la mayor parte de estos compuestos bioactivos fueron alcaloides, terpenos, y flavonoides, siendo capaces de inhibir la agregación de Amiloide β, y α sinucleína, inhibición enzimática de Enzima Acetilcolinesterasa, y protección durante estrés oxidativo, propiedades atribuidas a la gran adaptabilidad de las esponjas, lo que se ve reflejado en las interesantes estructuras químicas de los productos derivados de estos organismos. Resultados en estas investigaciones, permiten describir compuestos con potencial en el tratamiento del Alzheimer encontrados en esponjas marinas, marcando una tendencia para nuevas exploraciones en la búsqueda de productos bioactivos derivados de estos organismos, así como también brindar un enfoque para el desarrollo de nuevas drogas que pueden ser empleadas en este tipo de enfermedades neurodegenerativas.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v10i11.10644
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Casa Editora del Polo
Manta - Ecuador
Dirección: Ciudadela El Palmar, II Etapa, Manta - Manabí - Ecuador.
Código Postal: 130801
Teléfonos: 056051775/0991871420
Email: polodelconocimientorevista@gmail.com / director@polodelconocimiento.com
URL: https://www.polodelconocimiento.com/
