Avances en el uso de daptomicina para el tratamiento de infecciones asociadas a biofilms

Frank Alexander Casa Casa, Melanie Viviana Herrera Silva, Ariana Astrid Vintimilla Paucar, Cesar David Guerra Naranjo

Resumen


La daptomicina, un antibiótico lipopeptídico, es ampliamente utilizada para tratar infecciones graves causadas por bacterias grampositivas, incluidos el Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina (SARM) y los enterococos resistentes a la vancomicina. Su principal mecanismo de acción se basa en la alteración de las membranas bacterianas, lo que provoca la muerte celular, aunque aún se investigan aspectos específicos de este proceso. A pesar de su eficacia, la resistencia emergente plantea un desafío significativo, destacando la necesidad de enfoques terapéuticos alternativos. Investigaciones emergentes destacan posibles aplicaciones antiinflamatorias de la daptomicina, incluyendo su capacidad para suprimir citocinas inflamatorias, lo que abre oportunidades para su uso en enfermedades inflamatorias como la artritis reumatoide; Si bien la daptomicina sigue siendo una herramienta clave contra infecciones asociadas a biofilms, la resistencia emergente subraya la necesidad de estrategias combinadas e innovaciones terapéuticas que preserven su eficacia y amplíen sus aplicaciones clínicas. Estudios recientes sugieren que la combinación de daptomicina con bacteriófagos puede revertir la resistencia en cepas como el SARM, mejorando la eficacia clínica. Además, se exploran vías de administración alternativas, como la subcutánea, que ofrecen una opción viable en pacientes con acceso venoso limitado. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo analizar los avances en el uso de daptomicina, abordando su mecanismo de acción, la resistencia emergente y las estrategias terapéuticas combinadas.


Palabras clave


Daptomicina; Resistencia; Infección.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v10i8.10260

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