Prevalencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares en personas que han sufrido COVID-19: miocarditis, insuficiencia cardiaca y otros traumas

Jazmin Elena Castro Jalca, Maribel Estefanía López López, Mise Reyes Angie Leonela, Moreira Sancan Aaron Alexander

Resumen


La prevalencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares en personas que han sufrido COVID-19 se refiere a la frecuencia con la que presentan afecciones como miocarditis, insuficiencia cardíaca y otros traumas cardiovasculares en pacientes recuperados. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la prevalencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares en personas que han sufrido COVID-19, con énfasis en miocarditis, insuficiencia cardiaca y otros traumas. La metodología aplico un estudio documental descriptiva, se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos científicas en inglés y español en Google académico, Pubmed, Scielo, Mediagraphic, Elsevier, se incluyeron artículos de acceso completo y relevantes del tema, se descartaron resúmenes, tesis, estudios experimentales y sitios web., se utilizaron un total de 65 artículos de los últimos 5 años. Los resultados evidenciaron una alta prevalencia de complicaciones cardiovasculares post COVID-19 con variaciones según grupos etarios: los jóvenes de 14 a 25 años predominaron, la miocarditis, arritmias y pericarditis cuyas cifras van sede 75%, 88,81% y 95,8%; en adultos de 28 a 58 años se observaron principalmente cardiopatía isquémica y fibrilación auricular con prevalencias que van desde el 87%, 88% y 92%,8%; y en adultos mayores de 60 años destacaron insuficiencia cardiaca e infarto agudo de miocardio de 30% a 94,1%, se identifico que el riesgo cardiovascular es significativo  en todas las edades, siendo mas severo en pacientes mayores con comorbilidades preexistentes. Se concluyo que la prevalencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares en personas que han sufrido COVID-19 puede generar complicaciones a nivel cardíaco.

Palabras clave


arritmias; cardiopatía; complicaciones; COVID-19; miocardio

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v10i3.10239

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