Abstract
Beam-steering antennas represent the best solution for applications such as traffic management, collision avoidance radars, or smart base station antennas for WLAN and cellular communications systems. Typically, this is achieved through phased arrays, which use phase shifters to control the direction of the main beam. This research aims to analyze and implement phase shifting for antenna arrays used in angle scanning. A microstrip antenna array was chosen due to its ease of design and fabrication. Phase shifting is achieved by varying the transmission line lengths. Advanced Design System (Ansoft Designer) software was used to simulate both the antenna design and performance. The proposed antenna will be printed on an Epoxy FR4 substrate with a permittivity of 4.3, compact dimensions of 80 × 27 mm, and is designed to achieve a 30-degree phase shift with good radiation characteristics. The results obtained show an S11 reflection coefficient of –30 dB at a frequency of 12.2 GHz, demonstrating excellent performance in this band, suitable for work in high-frequency communication applications, such as advanced radar systems and next-generation wireless networks.