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Relationship among Hypothyroidism, Nutrition and Fetal Development in Pregnant Women
Resumen
Introduction: Hypothyroidism during pregnancy can negatively impact fetal development and maternal health, and its nutritional management is essential to prevent complications.
Objective: To highlight the relationship between hypothyroidism, diet, and nutritional status in pregnant and adolescent women.
Methodology: A non-systematic literature review was conducted using scientific articles retrieved from recognized databases such as PubMed, SciELO, Redalyc, Elsevier, among others. DeCS/MeSH descriptors and Boolean operators were used
to optimize the search. Inclusion criteria were established based on language (Spanish and English) and thematic relevance.
Results: It was identified that hypothyroidism during pregnancy may trigger adverse effects such as miscarriage, preterm birth, low birth weight, and fetal neurological alterations. The importance of early detection, iodine supplementation, and levothyroxine adjustment is emphasized. Nutrients such as iodine, selenium, iron, and vitamin D play a key role in thyroid function, and their deficiency increases the associated risks.
Discussion: Adequate dietary strategies and patient education improve treatment adherence and reduce complications. An interdisciplinary approach is essential to optimize thyroid function and nutritional status.
Conclusions: Continuous monitoring of thyroid function, accompanied by appropriate nutritional intervention, improves maternal-fetal health outcomes in pregnant women with hypothyroidism.
Palabras clave
Referencias
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