Análisis de tecnologías de almacenamiento de energía para mejorar la gestión de energía renovable

Erick Ariel Pardo Farías, Johnatan Israel Corrales Bonilla, William Paul Pazuña Naranjo

Resumen


Este estudio analizó las tecnologías de almacenamiento de energía y su papel en la mejora de la gestión de energías renovables. Se examinaron diversas tecnologías, incluyendo baterías de iones de litio, plomo-ácido, flujo redox, aire comprimido y volantes de inercia, comparando sus características técnicas y económicas. La investigación reveló un creciente interés en baterías de iones de litio y almacenamiento de hidrógeno, con aplicaciones que abarcaron desde la integración de energía solar y eólica hasta la estabilización de la red y la gestión de la demanda. Se identificaron estrategias de optimización clave, como algoritmos de control predictivo, técnicas de inteligencia artificial y métodos de optimización estocástica. Los resultados subrayaron la diversidad y complementariedad de las tecnologías de almacenamiento, destacando su importancia en la transición hacia un sistema energético sostenible. El estudio concluyó que, aunque persisten desafíos en costos y escalabilidad, el almacenamiento de energía es vital para la integración efectiva de energías renovables, requiriendo un enfoque holístico que considere aspectos tecnológicos, económicos y regulatorios para su implementación exitosa.


Palabras clave


Almacenamiento de energía; Energías renovables; Baterías; Optimización; Gestión de red eléctrica.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v9i7.7574

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