Obtención de consorcios microbianos benéficos y su incidencia en la población microbiana nativa de la rizósfera de plantas de fresa (FRAGARIA SP.)

Manuel Salvador Alvarez-Vera, Javier Oswaldo Soto-Valenzuela, Jorge Oswaldo Quevedo -Vázquez, Lesi Vanessa Giler -Escandón

Resumen


El suelo es un medio complejo donde las comunidades microbianas cumplen funciones importantes para el desarrollo de las plantas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue obtener consorcios microbianos benéficos (CMBs) de especies vegetales y evaluar su incidencia sobre la población microbiana nativa de la rizósfera de plantas de fresa (Fragaria sp.). Se obtuvieron CMBs provenientes de 12 especies vegetales locales, a nivel de laboratorio se determinaron las UFC.ml-1 en solución de levaduras, Bacillus spp., Lactobacillus spp. Actinomicetos y Pseudomonas spp. Se evaluó la capacidad proteolítica y el nivel de antagonismo ante Fusarium sp.  de las cepas de Bacillus spp. y Lactobacillus spp. Se seleccionaron tres consorcios microbianos y se inocularon en el suelo, luego se plantaron fresas. Se determinó que la población microbiana nativa de la rizósfera cambia de forma heterogénea con la inoculación de microorganismos benéficos, lo cual estaría relacionado con las características de cada consorcio microbiano, su capacidad de adaptación y las condiciones existentes en el nicho rizosférico. La inoculación de CMBs es positiva ya que mediante varios mecanismos benefician el desarrollo de las plantas, es necesario abordar investigaciones dirigidas a estudiar las interacciones microbianas entre los microorganismos nativos frente a inoculados en el suelo, que en su mayoría son desconocidas.


Palabras clave


: Microorganismos benéficos; suelo; raíz; plantas; antagonismo.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v4i11.1179

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